Beltane (also Beltine, Beltaine, Belltaine) is one of the most important annual celebrations in the modern pagan world. History shows Beltane originated from the Celtic tribes of Gaelic Ireland, Scotland, and the Isle of Man. The annual celebration was to officially recognize the start of summer and open pasturing. This celebration was significant, since our ancestors only recognized summer and winter as seasons. Beltane was the beginning of summer and Samhain was the beginning of winter. Our ancestors believed that on these two days (May 1st and October 31st) the mystical veil that separates the world of the living with the world of the departed, was transparent, and could be crossed. They also believed that on those nights, faeries, witches, and all other types of supernatural creatures, were free to cross the veil, enter our world, and engage in many different nefarious activities.
Fire was the key component of Beltane celebrations. Large balefires (bonfires) were built in long lines parallel to each other. Once the fires were blazing high, all of the livestock would be driven down the corridor between the flames in the belief that the animals would be purified and freed from any disease. It was a great cleansing by fire and smoke. Lighting these fires was also symbolic of bringing back or re-engaging the power of the sun after its winter dormancy. The Celtic people were herdsmen and farmers and their survival was directly tied to their crop and livestock, which gave Beltane real meaning to every man, woman, and child. Additionally, Beltane is seen as a fertility ritual.
Preparing for the Beltane Ritual
In ancient times, Druid priests would light the great balefires, speak spells and incantations, offer blessings of protection and prosperity, and then the villagers and all of their herd animals, would walk through the avenue between them. This practice was for cleansing and protection from disease, and to increase fertility. For this ritual, instead of one central bonfire, build two fires, leaving space between them.
For Your Circle, Altar, and Feast
Quarter Candles – Yellow, Red, Blue, & Green
Large Yellow candle to represent Belenus
Baskets of Herbs, Flower Petals, and Greenery
A bowl filled with food offerings for the Fae (bread, honey, mead/wine, cakes, candy, bells, baubles, etc.)
Decorations as you feel inclined
Any portion of the ritual that is bracketed with <> refers to instructions and should not be spoken aloud.
Opening the Circle
Spirits seen and unseen, guardians of the forests and the wild flame, we call upon you to bear witness.
On this blessed eve, as the Wheel turns from blossom to flame, we stand between the worlds.
Tonight we begin with a moment of breath. Ground yourselves. Listen to the whispers of the ancestors. Feel the land beneath your feet.
East – the Direction of Air
Turn your bodies, hearts, and minds to the East, the direction of Air. Feel the gusty winds of inspiration on your faces, the breath of dawn as it swirls around your body, and the pureness of rejuvenation riding on invisible wings while whispering incantations of new beginnings. <light Yellow candle in the East>
South – the Direction of Fire
Now look with me together towards the South, the direction of Fire. Embrace the warmth of the sacred flame, allow the heat of passion to take residence within your soul, and envision yourselves stoking the great forge of transformation, for then you shall realize that the light you seek to illuminate your path is already inside of you. <light Red candle in the South>
West – the Direction of Water
Turn to the West, the direction of Water. Immerse yourselves into the womb of the ocean, where all things come together. Share in the tears of joy from the Great Mother, as the rivers and streams fill the crevices across the globe. Each carries the memories of the ancestors and their combined love and release. <light Blue candle in the West>
North – the Direction of Earth
Finally, look with me to the North, the direction of the Earth. With the white of winter now gone away, we once again recognize the stone and soil, the buds and branches, and the roots and bones. The rich earth awaits our plows, awakening the seeds which are held in a gentle fertile trust. <light Green candle in the North>
The Celtic God Belenus
Now look skyward and to the center to honor the God of the Sun. Belenus, great radiant and powerful deity, journeying across the sky in your fiery chariot, bringing light to the worthy and banishing darkness, protect us from evil spirits, share your much-needed life-giving energy, which is essential for that which we plant, and the prosperity of our communities. <light Yellow candle on the Altar>
Introduction – Lighting the Beltane Fires
The celebration of Beltane (translated as Bright Fire) is derived from ‘Bel’, representing Belinus the Celtic God of Fire and Sun and ‘tene’ the Gaelic word that means fire. On the eve of Beltane, our ancestors would build rows of large fires, just as we have done here tonight. They would use the nine sacred woods, in honor of summer; Birch, Holly, Hazel, Rowan, Ash, Alder, Hawthorn, Willow, and Oak. At the start of the evenings ritual, all other fires in the village were extinguished. The first Beltane fire would then be struck using a friction bow. Once that fire was going, it would be used to light all the other fires. This was one more way to link the community together. After the rest of the fires were burning, the Druids would start the ceremony.
<At this point, you may engage in a friction fire starting method (some methods are listed at the end of this ritual) or choose a simulated alternate method to start your fires>
Honoring the Festival of Beltane – The Fire Between the Worlds
Tonight we celebrate Beltane, the fire between the worlds, the festival of fertility, flame, and flowering. Beltane, the sacred midpoint between the Vernal Equinox and the Summer Solstice, joyfully sings of life unfurling. We must recognize that on this night, the veil is thin – not for the ancestors, but also the gauzy curtain parts for the Fae. For certain, tonight will be filled with lusty and mysterious sights, wild things that bloom in moonlight, and other creatures far too mystical for mention.
Throughout history, this day belonged to our ancestors, those departed souls who walked these lands many generations before us. Those brave ones, who danced around the fires, honoring the Gods and Goddesses and their life-giving nurturing. It was a celebration of fertility, both for the land and for the people who broke the ground and managed the herds. It was a night of sacred sex between couples, a time of divine polarity, and of life leaping forth from the flames.
As we gather beneath the sky and feel the pulse of the turning Earth, free your minds to embrace the celebrations from years gone by. Do not find yourself in trepidation of the thinning veil, nor the shadows that lurk behind the oaks and elms. Instead, do as your forefathers did, and embrace the firelight, for it shall carry you through the night. This is no quiet Sabbat. It sings with laughter, crackling flames, and blooming desires. Honor the fire between the worlds!
Our Rite of Sacred Fire
These twin fires represent more than just a way to cleanse ourselves, they are the very soul of Beltane. Remember this as you go forth into the world, for the memory will help to guide your way.
<distribute the baskets>
By these fires, we burn away that what no longer serves us
By these fires, we nurture the seeds of life and desire
By these fires, we honor the sacred flame found within each of us
Behold! Now is the moment of happening. I bid each of you to speak the words which your heart has conjured. Tell us of your dreams, your feelings, or wishes. Freely surrender that which no longer serves you and seal that commitment with petal and branch to the flame.
<allow ample time for each person to speak and cleanse>
Now gather together as one in a line. Walk forward and through the smoke with conviction.
Allow your passions for life and love to awaken or intensify and your many blessings to fill your spirit
<leader should carefully lead everyone through the space between the fires, ensuring the sanctity of the circle remains unbroken>
Offerings to the Spirits and the Land
Place the offering in the center of the circle, between the fires.
To the Fae and the spirits of this land,
Though you wait with watchful eyes,
We offer things both sweet and sacred,
Do not bring harm on this night,
Pass beyond our lands and homes,
Away, away, until another day
Closing Our Beltane Circle
North
Look again with me to the North, let your mind drift to the land, for it shall be within your grasp in the coming months. The soil shall be your proof, the forest your playground, and the life within, your mystery. <extinguish Green Candle in the North>
West
Turn again to the West, your heart filled with the glorious emotion of freedom. Wade deep into the pool of sacred knowledge and let the secrets of forever wash over you now and forever. <extinguish Blue Candle in the North>
South
Now South, where the flames of this Beltane and those of the past and future will burn forever. As we leave this circle, safe from the forest dwellers, we honor the light which safeguards our existence. <extinguish Red Candle in the South>
East
East once more, with the finality of this ritual on the cusp. Take with you the moments of sharing, the night of joy, and the knowing that we are all blessed. <extinguish Yellow Candle in the East>
Belenus
We once again ask for protection and prosperity from Belenus, safeguard this gathering as we leave in the peace and understanding of clear spirits. This circle is open, but the connections are never broken.
<extinguish Yellow Central Candle>
Recommended Reading
If you are pagan and regularly practice Sabbats or full moon rituals, please browse our complete library of rituals and ceremonies at this link.
The Gypsy Thread 2025 Pagan Calendar can be accessed here – it includes full moons, new moons, astrological information, and significant pagan celebrations from many different beliefs.
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